Application of blended learning in Clinical Biochemistry / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the role of blended learning in the undergraduate teaching of Clinical Biochemistry. Methods:The Batch 2017 medical laboratory technology undergraduates ( n=134) were selected as research objects, and the effect and opinions of blended learning were statistically analyzed by questionnaire survey and online-offline platform data. SPSS 23.0 was used to conduct rank sum test. Results:The application of blended learning in the Clinical Biochemistry teaching affected the learning effect in an all-round way. The average score increased from 70 (64, 76) to 79 (71, 85), with statistical difference ( Z=6.69, P<0.001). Conclusion:The combined application of blended learning, problem-based learning, flipped classroom and formative assessment is conducive to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and cultivating students' clinical thinking ability.

The preliminary exploration on students fostering mode of medical laboratory technology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Guided by the demands of society,we propose a new professional training objectives of medical laboratory technology,which is to cultivate comprehensive talents covering the entire industrial chain of medical laboratory technology with profound foundation,broad caliber,high quality and outstanding ability.According to the training objective,we build up 4321 talents training system and try to carry out preliminary practice and exploration on talent cultivation model from the following aspects,such as the construction of curriculum system,the reform of the teaching contents and methods,training of students' professional skills and entrepreneurial innovation spirit.

Reformation and exploration of proteomics course practice teaching for postgraduates in med-ical university / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Proteomics is an emerging discipline and has been widely used in a variety of fields despite of having very short history in comparison with other disciplines. In Chongqing Medical Univer-sity, the course contents were adjusted to fulfill the most effective integration of proteomics research with postgraduate training program for medical university. Diverse teaching was advocated here and af-ter-school communications were greatly encouraged in teaching. Traditional multimedia teaching plat-form remained the main teaching way and students were organized to visit the research platform as supplementing teaching way. The overall quality and effectiveness of teaching were effectively improved by successful implementation of the above initiatives.

Effects of Pseudomonas quinolone signal on the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) on the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 was treated with PQS alone, PQS plus farnesol, or farnesol alone. The transcriptional levels of the regulator gene ExsA and virulence protein gene ExoS of type III secretion system were examined using quantitative real-time PCR, and spectrophotometry was employed to detect pyocyanin production in the bacteria. The adhesion and invasiveness of the treated PAO1 in cultured alveolar epithelial cells A549 were assessed on plate count agar, and their effects on the survival of a mouse model of peritonitis was compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The increase or decrease of PQS did not affect the growth of PAO1. Compared with the untreated bacteria, PQS-treated PAO1 showed obviously increased transcription levels of ExsA and ExoS (P<0.01) and pyocyanin production, which was significantly lowered by farnesol (P<0.01). In A549 cell cultures, farnesol-treated PAO1 exhibited significantly lowered adhesion and invasiveness, while PQS-treated PAO1 caused a significantly decreased survival time of mice with peritonitis (P<0.01). Farnesol treatment did not obviously affected ExsA transcription (P>0.05) but caused a significant reduction in the transcriptional level of Exos (P<0.05) in PAO1. PQS showed no significant effect on the adhesion and invasiveness of PAO1 (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PQS can maintain the adhesion and invasiveness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and in the hosts of the bacteria, PQS concentration is positively correlated with pyocyanin production and hence negatively with the survival time of the hosts.</p>

Inducing scientific thinking and practice in the proteomics course for postgraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Teachers introduced the means of the scientific thinking and scientific research prac-tice in the curriculum of proteomics in order to train the postgraduates to joint the theory and the practical research work in the curriculum course. For example, to cultivate students to truly understand the 2-DE protein separation technique, teachers used the various proteomic profile obtained from our research to points out its problems and limitations based on the classical 2-DE, then compared the improved 2-DE protein separation chromatography with the classical 2-DE graphic and analyzed what is the problem and how to solve them in the practical work. To improve the ability of scientific thinking for postgraduates , teachers took the tumor as the teaching cases and asked the postgraduates to search the references of can-cer associated with their professional , to put forward the scientific problems based on carefully reading these references, to design their research project and to seek the answer to their issue. These new teaching methods were found to be beneficial in training scientific talents of medical postgraduates.

The exploration and practice of the leading teachers' responsibility system in laboratory medicine course teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

For the reform and development of clinical laboratory education, based on the previous course reform, Laboratory Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University has put the leading teachers'responsibility system of laboratory medicine course into practice. In the recent 3 years, the course is better organized.The students are more interested in the course and they communicate more with teachers than ever before. The effect of the course is obvious. The leading teachers' responsibility system in laboratory medicine course should be promoted.

Practice of PBL in the teaching of laboratory sciences and clinical medicine / 中华医学教育探索杂志

It is for estimating the laboratory statistics from the view of clinical medicine objectively,completely and appropriately that we establish ＜ Laboratory Sciences and Clinical Medicine ＞ which fits the requirement for the modern medical laboratory specialists. In this selective course, we use problem-based learning ( PBL ) teaching method which is different from the traditional one, stimulating students to participate in the study actively and passionately,training them to think in a scientific way and to analyse and solve the problem in a rational way. As a result, it works well which makes us believe it is worth popularizing.

Histidine kinase (YycG) protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae: homology modeling and analysis / 生物工程学报

To construct a three-dimensional (3D) model of histidine kinase (HK) YycG protein in Streptococcus pneumoniae and to investigate the interaction between YycG and its substrate ADP for the purpose of providing a theoretical basis for YycG selective inhibitor discovery, we constructed a 3D model of YycG protein by homology modeling, and assessed the reliability of the model using ProCheck and Profile_3D software. Besides, the active-site cavity of YycG and the residues key for substrate interaction were analyzed by Autodock4.0. Sequence alignment indicated that the YycG of S. pneumoniae was homologous to that of Thermotoga maritima. The constructed 3D model of YycG adopted a similar folding pattern to the template and the two matched well. The conservative amino acids in the substrate-binding pocket, such as Asn145, Asn149 and Lys152, as well as the hydrophobic residues at the bottom of the pocket played important role in binding and hydrolyzing substrate ADP. We have successfully constructed a reliable model of YycG protein. The model can be used as a starting point for designing antibacterial drugs.

Protective effect of ClpP fusion protein against invasive infection of different serotype Streptococcus pneumoniae in routine models / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To evaluate the protective effects elicited by ClpP fusion protein in animal protection tests. Methods Pneumococcal antigens were purified from recombinant Escherichia coli express-ing CIpP cloned gene. 6- to 8-week-old female BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally with either ClpP or PBS plus alum. Every mouse received three doses of 20 μg antigen or PBS in 100 mg of alum adju-vant at 14 d intervals. Sera were collected from mice and analyzed by ELISA 1 week after the third immuni-zation, Intraperitoneal-challenge experiments with 12 different serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae were carried out 2 weeks after the third immunization, and we compared their median survival times and survival rates respectively by Mann Whitney U test and Fisher exact test. Results ELISA analysis demonstrated high titer specific antibody responses to ClpP. The median survival times for mice immunized with ClpP pro-tein antigens in adjuvant were significantly longer than those for mice that received the adjuvants alone. Con-clusion A highly expressed recombinant ClpP protein has been successfully obtained and proved to exert the protection against invasive pneumococcal infection without relation of serotype, suggesting ClpP can be a promising candidate vaccine.

Construction of promoter-trap library screening in vivo-induced gene in Streptococcus pneumoniae / 生物医学工程学杂志

To identify in vivo-induced gene in Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pn) through a novel in vivo expression technology (IVET), a large promoter-trap library using galU and lacZ as the reporters was constructed. Based on the suicide vector pEVP3, a new vector pEVP3-galU was constructed with promoterless galU gene as an in vivo reporter. Firstly, promoterless galU gene was directly cloned into pEVP3 fusing with promoterless lacZ gene (an in vitro reporter). Then the random pieces of S. pn chromosomal DNA (200-500 bp), obtained by partial Sau3AI restriction digestion, were subcloned into the Bgl II site of pEVP3-galU. Upon introduction of the ligated plasmid library into E. coli DH5alpha by transformation, about 70,000 recombinants were recovered. Considering insert DNA orientation and insert size, this represents 5 coverage of the 2.2 Mb S. pn genome; 90% of these clones had 250- to 500-bp inserts. Thus, the library retained maximal complexity. Transformation by this plasmid library yield 450,000 S. pn transformants. The library was used to infect animals in intraperitoneal model. Those strains survived in vivo while exhibiting a white colony phenotype on TSA agar containing X-gal would indicate that the DNA fragment upstream of the galU reporter contained an in vivo-induced promoter. The promoter-trap library is suitable for screening in vivo-induced gene of S. pn.

Model Curricula Development of Clinical Biochemistry / 中华医学教育探索杂志

As required to the standards of the model curricula and with the years of continuous teaching research and reforming,the clinical biochemistry curriculum has kept developing from the teaching staff,content of course,teaching method and means and the teaching condition etc.,thus forming model curricula with special features and notable results.

The role of signal transduction molecule PLC in streptococcus pneumoniae inducing filamentous actin rearrangement in type n pneumocytes in vitro / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate whether S. pn can provoke filamentous actin (F-actin) rearrangements in vitro , which will further lead to S. pn invasion of A549 and the relationship between PLC signaling molecule and. the invasion events. Methods Labelled F-actin with FITC-phalloidin, we observed F-actin rearrangements by S. pn adhesion of type Ⅱ pneumocytes ( A549). S. pn invasion of A549 cells was determined by pretreating A549 cells with Cytochalasin D . To investigate whether F-actin rearrangements can be blocked by PLC inhibitor, A549 cells were pretreated with PLC inhibitors U73122. Results Intact S. pn can promote F-actin rearrangements. Cytochalasin D is able to prevent S. pn invasion of A549 cells. Inhibitors of PLC signal transduction molecules block F-actin rearrangements dose dependently. Conclusion S. pn can provoke F-actin rearrangements through PLC signaling pathways, which will further lead to S. pn invasion of A549 cells.

Berberine hydrochloride inhibits formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm:relative gene expressions / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of Berberine hydrochloride alone or combined with antibiotics on the formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm and the expressions of relative genes in order to explore a new way to treat the infection induced by the bacteria.Methods Biofilm of Staphylococcus epidermidis was constructed in vitro first,and then Berberine hydrochloride alone or combined with norvancomycin,ciprofloxacin or erythromycin was used to affect the biofilm formation.Then the inhibition was detected by CRA,and the expressions of icaA and agr by the way of fluorescent quantitation RT-PCR.Results The effectiveness of Berberine hydrochloride on the expressions of icaA and agr in Staphylococcus epidermidis was not as better as the other antibiotics.When different-dosed berberine hydrochloride was combined with norvancomycin,ciprofloxacin or erythromycin to affect the biofilm,the inhibition on the expressions of icaA and agr showed a negatively dose-dependent fashion.Conclusion Berberine hydrochloride can inhibit the formation of the biofilm of Staphylococcus epidermidisthrough suppressing the relative genes,though not as good as the antibiotics,such as norvancomycin,ciprofloxacin and erythromycin.It should not be combined with these antibiotics because the effectiveness is antagonism.

Attachment of Streptococcus pneumoniae to A549 cells induces tyrosine phosphorylation of host cell proteins / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective　To investigate the potentiality of adhesion of S. pn to type Ⅱ pneumocyte (A549) in inducing tyrosine phosphorylation of A549 cell proteins and the function subcomponents involved in. Methods　Labelled S. pn with FITC for the observation of kinetic characters of adhesion in vitro; The tyrosine phosphorylation of A549 cell proteins induced by S. pn was examined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Results　The adhesion of S. pn to A549 cells was in a time-and dose-dependent fashion suggesting the specific interaction; Tyrosine phosphorylation induced by adhesion was dose-and time-dependent and was mediated by the surface proteins of S. pn. Conclusion　S. pn adheres to A549 cells and triggers the signal cascade in which the surface proteins of S. pn play a vital role.